Alnico magnets are manufactured using primarily two processes: Cast Alnico Magnets and Sintered Alnico Magnets
Cast alnico magnets that are made by pouring melted alnico into a mold. The solidified material is rough ground and then heat treated and cooled.
The material is either anisotropic (treated in a magnetic field) or isotropic (treated outside a magnetic field). After treatment the material is ground to specific tolerances and magnetized.
Attributes of Cast Alnico Magnets
* Mechanically Strong
* Cast to a variety of shapes
* High Degree of Temperature Stability
* Magnet Orientation can be changed
* High Brand Bhmax characteristics when compared to ceramic materials.
Alnico is composed primarily of aluminum (Al), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co). Alnico alloys are ferromagnetic, with a high coercivity (resistance to loss of magnetism). Before the development of rare earth magnets in the 1970s, they were the strongest type of magnet.
RoHs and DFAR Compliant Materials are available off the shelf in different configurations.
Alnico magnets produce magnetic field strength at their poles as high as 1500 gauss which is about 3000 times the strength of Earth’s magnetic field and are the only magnets that have useful magnetism even when heated red-hot.
Some types of alnico are isotropic and can be magnetized in any direction. Other types, such as alnico 5 and alnico 8, are anisotropic, having a preferred direction of magnetization, or orientation. Anisotropic alloys generally have greater magnetic capacity in a preferred orientation than isotropic types.
Alnico Magnet Applications
Alnico magnets are widely used in industrial and consumer applications where strong permanent magnets are needed such as:
* Electron Tubes
* Radar
* Traveling Wave Tubes
* Separators
* Holding Magnets
* Coin Acceptors
* Clutches
* Bearings
* Magnetos
* Motors
* Generators
* Meters
* Instruments
* Controls
* Relays
* Watt-hour Meters (bearings and dampeners)
* Communications
* Receivers
* Telephones
* Microphones
* Bell Ringers
* Musical Instruments
* Guitar Pickups
* Automotive Sensors
* Loudspeakers
* Cow Magnets and Distributors
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