How to Choose Loudspeaker Audio Magnet?
The loudspeaker is the core component responsible for the sound in audio equipment, whether it is a speaker or a headset, this component is indispensable.
The loudspeaker is a transducer device that converts electrical signals into acoustic signals. Its performance has a great influence on sound quality.
The most critical component of the loudspeaker is the magnet.
So how do we choose its magnet?
The loudspeaker market mainly uses three types: AlNiCo magnet, Ferrite magnet, and NdFeB:
1. AlNiCo magnet is the earliest magnet used by loudspeakers, which is called tweeter loudspeaker. Its is generally made of inner magnetic loudspeaker (external magnetic type is also available).
The disadvantage is that the power is small, the frequency range is narrow, it is hard and brittle, and it is very inconvenient to process. In addition, cobalt is a scarce resource, and the price of the AlNiCo magnet is relatively high. From the perspective of cost-effectiveness, the use of AlNiCo magnets for loudspeaker magnets is relatively small.
2. Ferrite magnets are generally made of external magnetic loudspeakers. Ferrite magnets have relatively low magnetic properties and require a certain volume to meet the driving force of loudspeakers, so they are generally used in loudspeakers with larger volumes. The advantage of Ferrite magnet is that it is cheap and cost-effective; the disadvantage is that it is large in size, low in power and narrow in frequency range.
3. The magnetic properties of NdFeB are far better than those of AlNiCo magnet and Ferrite magnet. It is the most used magnet in audio magnets, especially for high-end loudspeakers.
Its advantages are its small size, high power and wide frequency range under the same magnetic flux. At present, HiFi headphones basically use such magnets. The disadvantage is that it contains rare earth elements, so the material price is high.
How to Choose Loudspeaker Audio Magnet
Several factors to consider when choosing loudspeaker magnet.
First, it is necessary to clarify the ambient temperature where the loudspeaker is working, and determine which magnet should be selected according to the temperature. Different magnets have different temperature resistance characteristics and can support different maximum operating temperatures.
When the working environment temperature of the magnet exceeds the maximum working temperature, performance attenuation and demagnetization may occur, which will directly affect the sounding effect of the loudspeaker.
Secondly, the audio magnet should be selected in consideration of the magnetic flux requirement and the volume. Someone asked whether a bigger audio magnet means the better the sound? A big audio magnet does not mean that there will be better sound.
From the influence of the magnet performance on the sound quality of the loudspeaker, we can find that the magnetic flux of the magnet influences the sound quality of the loudspeaker. When the volume is the same, the magnet performance is NdFeB>AlNiCo magnet>Ferrite magnet; under the same magnetic flux requirements, NdFeB magnets require the smallest volume and Ferrite magnets are the largest.
For the same magnetic material (same material and same performance), the larger the diameter, the greater the magnetic induction intensity, and the greater the power of the loudspeaker, the higher the sensitivity of the loudspeaker, and the better the transient response.
Therefore, it is necessary to consider the limitation of the volume of the loudspeaker on the magnet volume and the requirements for the magnetic flux performance to determine which magnetic material to choose.
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